How to choose underfloor heating: a practical guide
Updated 5 Aug 2026
Underfloor heating can provide even, comfortable heat in a flat or house. Running costs depend on the entire heating system, not only on the floor circuits.
This guide explains the difference between water-based and electric systems and the criteria that matter before renovation.
Plan the system with the floor build-up, heat source, controls and finished floor in mind.
Types of underfloor heating
Water-based underfloor heating
- Connects to a boiler, heat pump or another heat source
- Usually raises the floor by about 6–8 cm
- Lower running costs, higher installation cost
A whole flat or house where a new floor build-up is possible.
Electric underfloor heating
- Heating cables or mats under tile
- A mat adds only about 3–5 mm
- Can be installed quickly in a single room
Bathrooms and renovations where the floor level cannot rise significantly.
What to consider before choosing
Building type
- Water-based systems are often ideal for new builds.
- Electric systems can be more practical in renovations.
Floor build-up
- Check available height and thermal insulation.
- The finished floor covering also affects heat transfer.
Heat source
- Consider a heat pump, gas boiler or available electrical connection.
Running costs
- Water systems usually run more economically.
- Electric systems normally need a lower initial investment.
Advantages of underfloor heating
- More even heat distribution across the room
- A comfortable floor surface in winter
- Potential energy savings compared with radiators
- Low-temperature operation that pairs well with heat pumps
- More usable wall space because there are no radiators
- Less convective dust movement than radiator heating
Frequently asked questions
Can underfloor heating be installed in a panel flat?
Yes. Electric mats are often used in bathrooms or kitchens and add only about 3–5 mm. A water-based system needs more floor height and may require approval from the building owner or owners’ association.
Which floor coverings work with underfloor heating?
Ceramic tile, SPC vinyl and glue-down LVT transfer heat well. For wood, choose engineered flooring rather than solid parquet and check the thermal resistance of the complete floor build-up.
Is underfloor heating more expensive to run?
A water-based system connected to a heat pump can be very efficient because it works at a low water temperature. Electric heating is cheaper to install but usually costs more per kilowatt-hour, so it is best suited to smaller areas.
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